Tashar jiragen ruwa ta Waveguide - teburin kwatanta girman flange

An daidaita alaƙar da ke tsakanin girman tashar jiragen ruwa ta **waveguide**, **girman flange**, da **mita madauri** don tabbatar da daidaiton injina da ingantaccen aikin RF. A ƙasa akwai teburin kwatantawa mai sauƙi da manyan ƙa'idodi don jagororin raƙuman ruwa na murabba'i da flanges masu alaƙa.

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### **Mahimman Ka'idoji**
1. **Naɗin Jagorar Raƙuman Ruwa**:
An yiwa jagororin raƙuman ruwa lakabi da "WR" (Madaidaitan Raƙuman Ruwa) sannan a biyo baya da lamba (misali, WR-90). Lambar tana kimanin girman babban bango na ciki** a cikin ɗari na inci (misali, faɗin ciki na WR-90 ≈ 0.90").
- Misali: WR-90 = 0.9" (22.86 mm) faɗin ciki.

2. **Nau'in Flange**:
Flanges suna daidaita alaƙar da ke tsakanin jagororin raƙuman ruwa. Nau'ikan da aka fi sani sun haɗa da:
- **UG/UPC** (MIL-STD): Daidaitaccen flange na soja (misali, UG-387/UPC).
- **CPR** (Kasuwanci): Ma'aunin Turai (misali, CPR-137).
- **Choke Flanges**: Don amfani da ƙarancin zubewa da ƙarfi mai yawa.
- **Fangen Murfi**: Mafi sauƙi, ana amfani da shi don rufewa da injin tsabtace iska.

3. **Ƙungiyoyin Mita**:
Kowace jagorar raƙuman ruwa tana goyan bayan takamaiman kewayon mita dangane da girmanta.

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### **Teburin Kwatanta Jagorar Raƙumi-zuwa-Flange**
| **Jagorar Raƙuman Ruwa** | **Tsawon Mita** | **Nau'in Flange** | **Girman Flange (Na yau da kullun)** | **Aikace-aikace** |
|----|-------------------|------------------|--------------------------------------------------------|
| **WR-90** | 8.2–12.4 GHz (X-band) | UG-387/UPC (MIL) | Da'irar Bolt: 1.872" (47.5 mm) | Radar, sadarwa ta tauraron dan adam. |
| **WR-112** | 7.05–10 GHz (C-band) | UG-595/UPC | Da'irar Bolt: 2.400" (61.0 mm) | Radar, sadarwa |
| **WR-62** | 12.4–18 GHz (Ku-band) | UG-385/UPC | Da'irar Bolt: 1.250" (31.75 mm) | Tauraron Dan Adam, tsarin soja |
| **WR-42** | 18–26.5 GHz (K-band) | UG-383/UPC | Da'irar Bolt: 0.800" (20.3 mm) | Radar mai yawan mita |
| **WR-28** | 26.5–40 GHz (Ka-band) | UG-599/UPC | Da'irar Bolt: 0.600" (15.2 mm) | 5G, radar mota |
| **WR-15** | 50–75 GHz (V-band) | UG-387Mini/UPC | Da'irar Bolt: 0.400" (10.2 mm) | mmWave, bincike |

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### **Girman Flange (Na yau da kullun)**
1. **Dimita na Da'irar Bolt (BCD)**: Diamita na da'irar da aka samar ta hanyar cibiyoyin kusoshin da aka ɗora.
2. **Tazarar Rami**: Nisa tsakanin ramukan ƙulli (misali, tsarin ramuka 4 ko ramuka 8).
3. **Bututun Jagorar Raƙumi**: Ya dace da girman ciki na jagoran raƙuman ruwa.

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### **Mahimman Alaƙa**
1. **Girman Jagoran Raƙuman Ruwa ↔ Girman Flange**:
- Manyan jagororin raƙuman ruwa (ƙananan mitoci) suna amfani da manyan flanges (misali, flange na WR-112 > flange na WR-90).
- Ƙananan jagororin raƙuman ruwa (mafi girma mitoci) suna amfani da ƙananan flanges (misali, WR-28, WR-15).

2. **Daidaitawar Flange**:
- Dole ne flanges su yi daidai da **injiniya** (daidaitawa da rami, BCD) da **injiniya** (ci gaba da impedance).
- Haɗa nau'ikan flange (misali, UG-387 tare da CPR-137) yana buƙatar adaftar.

3. **Matsakaicin Yanki**:
- **MIL-STD (UG/UPC)**: An yi amfani da shi a tsarin tsaron Amurka.
- **IEC/CPR**: Na kowa a tsarin kasuwanci na Turai.

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### **Misalin Ƙa'idodin Flange**
| **Nau'in Flange** | **Daidaita Jagorar Raƙuman Ruwa** | **Mahimman Sifofi** |
|------|------------------------------------------|
| **UG-387/UPC** | WR-90, WR-62, WR-42 | Rami 4, MIL-STD-392, ana amfani da shi sosai.
| **UG-599/UPC** | WR-28, WR-15 | Ƙarami, don tsarin mmWave.
| **CPR-137** | WR-112, WR-90 | Tsarin Turai, tsarin ramuka 8.
| **Choke Flange** | Duk | Tsarin lanƙwasa don rage zubar ruwa.

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### **Bayanan kula**
- Kullum a tabbatar da **zanen injiniya** daga masana'antun don ainihin girma.
- Flanges marasa daidaituwa suna haifar da katsewar impedance**, wanda ke haifar da lalacewar VSWR.
- Don tsarin injin tsotsa, yi amfani da **Fengen murfin da aka rufe da O-ring**.

Sanar da ni idan kuna buƙatar takamaiman haɗin flange-waveguide!